The old maxim “Prevention is Better than Cure” certainly applies to rodent control. One rat can produce 20,000,000 offspring in three years, so it is important to focus on prevention.
Inspect the property and properly store food to prevent rodent infestations. Remove weeds and overgrowth, trim trees to avoid roof access, keep trash and compost piles away from buildings, and declutter areas to reduce rodent shelter. Contact Rodent Control San Antonio now!
Rodents can cause up to $20 billion in damage every year to homes, businesses, and agriculture, and they carry several diseases. Their urine, feces, and fur contaminate food supplies, leading to human food poisoning. Rodents also tamper with crops, costing farmers post-harvest losses. In a residential setting, rodent infestations can lead to serious health problems, including stress and sleep disturbances, particularly in individuals with musophobia (fear of mice or rats).
The most effective way to prevent rodents is through exclusion and sanitation techniques. Sealing entry points and blocking gaps and cracks prevents rodents from entering buildings. Regular inspections for rodent activity can identify areas where action is needed.
Signs of rodent activity include gnaw marks, droppings, and tracks in dusty environments. Rodents are opportunistic feeders and will even chew through packaging materials in search of food, nesting material, or something to chew on. The smell of urine is another indication of rodent presence.
Regular cleaning and decluttering reduces the amount of attractive food sources around a home or business. Store food in airtight containers, wipe up spills promptly, and clean under appliances to eliminate hiding places. Keeping garbage bins tightly closed and emptying them frequently also minimizes food scrap attraction. Ensure firewood is stored at least 20 feet away from homes and other structures to mitigate shelter opportunities for rodents.
A musty odor is another indication of rodent activity, as are greasy rub marks where rodents travel along walls. Since rodents are nocturnal, daytime sightings indicate that the population has grown large enough to cause these animals to venture out in search of food or space.
In addition to exclusion and sanitation, there are a number of non-toxic rodent repellents that can help to keep rodents away from living or working spaces. Peppermint oil is a common option, and can be diluted and applied to cotton balls that are placed in areas of rodent activity. Another natural repellent is ultrasonic sound-generating devices that emit high-frequency sounds that are inaudible to humans but highly irritating to rodents.
Lastly, snap traps and glue traps that do not use toxic substances can be used to capture rodents for relocation. These types of traps should be checked frequently to avoid allowing trapped rodents to die of dehydration or stress.
Inspection
Inspecting areas where rodents are present is the first step in a successful pest control program. Mice and rats are easily identifiable by their droppings, tracks, gnaw marks, burrows, runways and grease spots. In addition to identifying the species, these visual inspections allow a pest control professional to determine the extent of the problem and develop an appropriate plan for removal and exclusion.
Mice and rats are highly opportunistic and may infest areas where they do not belong, including homes. To ensure that all entry points are closed, a pest professional will conduct a thorough inspection of the entire property. In addition to examining the building’s exterior, they will look for cracks and crevices that could be used as entrances and seal them if necessary. The pro will also inspect the inside of the home to find all potential rodent nesting locations and remove them if they are found.
Using a combination of bait, traps and other physical/mechanical controls, the pest professional will place these in the locations where mice or rats frequent. It is important to inspect these sites often and during times of high rodent activity, such as at dusk and after dark. Inspecting these sites regularly allows for the rapid identification of new problems and the timely placement of the proper control products.
Rodents are opportunistic and will take advantage of any situation where they can gain access to food, water or shelter. For this reason, it is important to practice good sanitation throughout the premises. Regularly clean garbage cans and dumpsters and store them away from the building. Remove pet food and litter from the yard, and keep woodpiles and hay piles well away from the house.
Proper sanitation will reduce rodent infestations and the diseases they carry. Rodents are known to spread bacteria that can cause food poisoning, and their urine and feces can contaminate food and water sources. They also carry fleas, mites and ticks that can bite people. A good sanitation program includes a thorough cleaning of all food handling surfaces and appliances, including floors, sinks, counters and ovens.
Treatment
Rodents can contaminate food and water sources, cause direct damage to homes and structures, and transmit harmful diseases. They gnaw on electrical wiring, insulation and wood, leading to fire hazards, water damage and structural integrity issues. Rodents are also carriers of fleas, ticks and mites that can spread diseases to people and pets.
In addition to their harmful effects on humans, rodents affect pets by destroying or consuming pet food and litter and creating anxiety. They can also spread feces and urine, which can contaminate food and other items. Rodents can carry harmful bacteria, including Salmonella, that can cause serious illness in humans and dogs. Rodents can also transmit pathogens to crops, leading to crop loss or contamination.
Proper rodent control involves the removal of their source of food, water and shelter and sealing entry points into homes and buildings. In the case of homes, a pest control expert can recommend several methods for rodent trapping and extermination.
Mechanical traps, such as snap and glue boards, are effective at catching rodents. They can be placed in areas of high rodent activity, such as along walls and under sinks. They are available in a variety of sizes to accommodate mice and rats. Motomco offers tamper-resistant bait stations for rat and mouse traps, which are placed in areas out of the reach of children and pets.
Extermination techniques can include poisons or anticoagulants, which are drugs that interfere with blood clotting and kill rodents by depriving them of a blood supply. These are a good choice for small infestations or for places where rodents have already chewed through wires, created holes in insulation and wood, or destroyed nesting materials.
Rodents need moisture, so eliminating sources of water can help deter them. Check faucets for leaks and dripping, and regularly remove leaves and other debris from around the house. Keep basements, attics, and crawl spaces clean and free of clutter to make them less appealing to rodents as nesting sites. Natural repellents like peppermint oil, mothballs and ultrasonic devices can also be used as preventive measures.
Monitoring
Rodents are among the most successful mammalian clades due to their ability to adapt and thrive in a variety of habitats. However, their tenacious nature can lead them to invade homes and businesses, causing significant damage that can be costly to repair. In addition, rodents carry diseases that can cause severe health complications in humans.
One of the first steps in controlling rodents is identifying an infestation. This can be done by observing signs of rodent activity such as droppings; shredded paper, fabric, and nesting materials; and holes chewed through walls and floors. Stale odors can also be an indicator of rodent activity. Additionally, nocturnal sightings may indicate a population in need of control.
Identifying the species of rodent present is important, as each has specific habits and preferences that can influence removal methods. For example, Norway rats prefer to reside on the ground, while roof rats often travel and nest above it. The size and shape of droppings can also help distinguish between the two. Other characteristics to consider include tail length relative to body and fur color.
Sometimes, chemical rodent control is necessary to eliminate severe infestations that are posing a health hazard or damaging property. This should only be done after careful monitoring and with the guidance of a pest management professional.
There are many non-toxic and environmentally friendly approaches to eliminating and preventing rodents. For instance, planting plants that naturally repel rodents such as mint, eucalyptus, and wormwood can help keep the population down. Sealing cracks and entry points on the exterior of buildings is another effective method. In addition, keeping debris and vegetation trimmed and away from the foundation is important for preventing rodents from gaining access to the home.
Lastly, biological control can be an effective way to eliminate a rodent problem. Introducing natural predator species such as owls, snakes, and hawks can dramatically decrease rodent populations without harming people or pets. Moreover, these predators will only control the rodents that they are meant to target, making them a green alternative to traditional pesticides. However, implementing this type of control is a time-consuming process and requires careful monitoring.